Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Milk-alkali syndrome (MAS) consists of hypercalcemia, renal failure, and metabolic alkalosis as a result of ingestion of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. Daily elemental calcium intake of no more than 2 g is considered safe. However, even doses lower than 2 g daily may result in hypercalcemia if additional predisposing factors are present. Vulnerable patients because of vomiting, diuretic use, and deviant eating habits. In these susceptible patient...

Myxedema coma has very high mortality and should be suspected in an acutely unwell patient presenting with depressed mental status who is hypothermic, bradycardic and or hypotensive. Myxedema coma may be the first presentation of people with undiagnosed hypothyroidism. Definitive management is with thyroid hormone but supportive measures, identification and treatment of precipitating factors in an appropriately safe environment are vital. There is no consensus about preferred ...

Introduction: Denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody used in osteoporosis and second line treatment option for hypercalcaemia, can cause profound hypocalcaemia especially in Vitamin-D depleted and cancer patients.Case history: 56 years female, with diabetes, hypertension on metformin, empagliflozin, amlodipine and ramipril, presented with 3 months history of backache, no red flag signs, clinically and hemodynamically stable except mild confusion and spin...